Melasma is a skin condition characterized by dark patches or brown blotches on the face. It typically develops in adults and is rare before puberty. Melasma arises gradually, and is most common on the forehead, cheeks, above the upper lip, and on the chin, though it can arise in other areas as well.
Symptoms are the same in men and women, however approximately 90% of cases occur in women. Women of light brown skin types from areas of the world with intense sun exposure tend to be affected more than others.
The actual cause of melasma is unknown, but it is know to be related to both hormonal levels and exposure to sunlight and heat.
Genetic predisposition is a major contributing factor. Some medications and medical conditions may also exacerbate the pigmentation tendency.
The condition is harmless, but many people with melasma feel self-conscious about the discolouration hence are dissatisfied with their appearance.
Melasma cannot be cured permanently, but various treatment options will help to control and minimize your brown discolouration.